Types

Types of Anesthesia

Choose a preferred language

Your anesthesiologist is a key member of your surgical team. They give you medicines (anesthetics) to keep you comfortable and decrease your awareness of surgery. They also monitor your condition to keep you safe during surgery. You will have one of three kinds of anesthesia during your surgery.


Monitored anesthesia care (MAC)

  • It's often used for surgery that is short or not too invasive.

  • Medicines to relax you (sedatives) are given through an IV (intravenous) line.

  • The area around the surgical site is usually numbed with medicine.

  • You may choose to stay awake or sleep lightly.


Regional anesthesia

  • This is sometimes called spinal epidural or bier block.

  • It's often used for surgery on the arms, legs, and abdomen. It's also used during childbirth.

  • A specific region of your body is numbed by injecting anesthetic near nerves, near your spine, or near the operative site.

  • You may also be given sedatives through an IV line to relax you.

  • With regional anesthesia, you may choose to stay awake or sleep lightly.


General anesthesia

  • It's often used for extensive surgery, such as on the heart, brain, or abdomen.

  • It's also used when you want to be totally asleep.

  • It may be given as a gas that you breathe and as medicines that are injected through an IV line.

  • Because you are deeply sedated, you feel no pain and remember nothing of the surgery.


Risks and possible complications of anesthesia

The risks and complications of anesthesia depend on your overall health. If you are healthy, the risks are low. The risks are higher for people with heart or lung problems. Your anesthesiologist or nurse anesthetist will discuss the risks with you.

Online Medical Reviewer: Jonas DeMuro MD

Online Medical Reviewer: Raymond Kent Turley BSN MSN RN

Online Medical Reviewer: Wanda Taylor RN PhD

Date Last Reviewed: 02/01/2025

© 2000-2025 The StayWell Company, LLC. All rights reserved. This information is not intended as a substitute for professional medical care. Always follow your healthcare professional's instructions.
surgery mask

Expert Surgical Care

San Juan Health Partners General Surgery. Providing personalized treatment options for you.

Learn More
appointment clock icon

Call for an Appointment

Offering personalized care at more than 20 clinics across three cities and two states.

Call Now
Related Articles
Read article
Surgery
Incision Care

No matter how your incision was closed, follow these tips to help your incision heal once you get home.

Read article
Orthopedics
Treating Flexor Tendon Lacerations

Your health care provider can tell if your flexor tendon is cut by examining your finger. If the wound is very deep, the finger may be X-rayed to make sure the bone isn't damaged, too.

Read article
Digestive Health
After Hernia Surgery

To speed healing after hernia surgery, take an active role in your recovery. These tips can help.

Read article
Surgery
Wound Check After Surgery: Infection

Infection after surgery often affects just the top layers of skin. Sometimes the infection is deeper in the wound and may include a collection of fluid or pus. Treatment will depend on the type of infection you have.